Agricultural Science 2024 Jamb Examination

Subsistence agriculture primarily relies on family labour for all farm activities rather than hired labour or large-scale commercial methods.
It focuses on producing food for the family's own consumption rather than for sale, making the supply of labour by farm families the defining characteristic.

Agriculture is important for raw materials, food supply, and employment.
While it contributes to foreign exchange, calling it the main source is not universally correct in modern economies, where oil or other industries may dominate exports.

Repeated heating and cooling causes expansion and contraction of rock minerals, leading to physical disintegration or fragmentation.
Sublimation, solidification, and molten magma are unrelated processes.

Wildlife management focuses on the conservation and sustainable use of animal species to prevent extinction.
Providing protein or foreign exchange are secondary benefits, and controlling parasites is not the primary aim.

Government reforms in agriculture aim to increase production through better policies, infrastructure, and support services.
Discouraging investment or promoting importation would reduce self-sufficiency, making option B the intended goal.

Plant breeders focus on traits like climate tolerance, uniform maturity, and pest resistance to improve crop productivity.
Adaptation to pollination is a natural process and not a primary target for breeding.

Epiphytes grow on other plants for physical support but do not take nutrients from the host.
Saprophytes derive nutrients from decaying matter, decomposers break down organic material, and sedges are a plant family.

Gummosis, the oozing of gum from trees, is primarily caused by fungal infections that invade plant tissues.
Nematodes, viruses, and bacteria are not the main agents responsible for gummosis.

Colostrum is rich in antibodies that provide passive immunity to new-born animals, protecting them against infections during the early days of life.
It does not provide permanent immunity, and although it is the first milk produced, the key benefit is its antibody content.

Fowls have a cloaca, a common cavity for digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts, which is a distinctive feature of avian anatomy.
The oesophageal groove is found in ruminants, and while they have large intestines and stomachs, these are not peculiar to birds.