Biology 2008 Jamb Examination
Biology 2008 Jamb Examination
Question 21
The major consequences of bush burning in an ecosystem is
Bush burning destroys plant life and animal habitats, leading to a reduction in species diversity. Many organisms may be killed or displaced, reducing the ecological balance and the richness of life in the ecosystem.
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Question 22
Which of the following associations is an example of mutualism
Hydra viridis hosts zoochlorellae (algae) which perform photosynthesis, providing food for the hydra, while the hydra offers protection and a suitable environment for the algae. Both partners benefit, making it a classic mutualistic relationship.
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Question 23
In a typical freshwater habitat, the edge of the stream or pond constitutes the
The littoral zone is the shallow area near the shore of freshwater bodies where sunlight penetrates to the bottom, allowing plants to grow. It supports diverse life forms and is a highly productive ecological zone.
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Question 24
The main ecological problem facing intertidal organisms is
Intertidal organisms are exposed to air during low tides, making them susceptible to desiccation (drying out). They must adapt to avoid water loss while surviving fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Question 25
Stomata of some plants are sunken and protected by hairs. These are features of
Xerophytes are plants adapted to arid conditions. Sunken stomata and protective hairs reduce water loss by limiting transpiration, helping the plant conserve moisture in dry environments.
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Question 26
An ecological factor that will have the most limiting effects on the abundance of phytoplankton in a turbid pond is
Phytoplankton require light for photosynthesis. In turbid water, suspended particles reduce light penetration, limiting photosynthetic activity and thus the abundance of phytoplankton.
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Question 27
In an experiment to determine the percentage of air in a soil sample, the following readings were recorded:
volume of water in measuring cylinder = 500 cm3
volume of soil added to water = 350 cm3
volume of water and soil after stirring = 800 cm3
the percentage of air in the soil sample is
volume of water in measuring cylinder = 500 cm3
volume of soil added to water = 350 cm3
volume of water and soil after stirring = 800 cm3
the percentage of air in the soil sample is
Percentage of air in soil = [(Volume of soil + water) - (Volume of soil + water displaced)] / Volume of soil × 100 = [(500 + 350) - 800]/350 ×100 = 50/350 ×100 = 14.28%. This measures the air spaces in the soil which are critical for aeration.
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Question 28
A boy who is fond of swimming in a pond finds himself passing urine with traces of blood. He is likely to have contacted
Schistosomiasis is caused by parasitic worms of the genus Schistosoma, which enter the body through the skin while swimming in contaminated water. Blood in urine is a classic symptom of urinary schistosomiasis.
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Question 29
The easiest way to establish the level of pollution in a local stream is to measure the level of
Dissolved oxygen levels indicate water quality and pollution because high organic pollution depletes oxygen. Measuring oxygen concentration is a direct and simple method to assess aquatic pollution.
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Question 30
The Rhesus factor of blood was first identified in a category of
The Rhesus (Rh) factor was first discovered in Rhesus monkeys when Karl Landsteiner and Alexander S. Wiener observed antigen-antibody reactions in their red blood cells, leading to the identification of Rh-positive and Rh-negative blood types.
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