Chemistry 2022 Jamb Examination
Chemistry 2022 Jamb Examination
Question 1
The sub-atomic particles located in the nucleus of an atom are?
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons.
Protons carry a positive charge, while neutrons are electrically neutral.
Electrons, on the other hand, orbit around the nucleus in electron shells and are negatively charged.
Therefore, the sub-atomic particles located in the nucleus are the proton and neutron.
Protons carry a positive charge, while neutrons are electrically neutral.
Electrons, on the other hand, orbit around the nucleus in electron shells and are negatively charged.
Therefore, the sub-atomic particles located in the nucleus are the proton and neutron.
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Question 2
      Cl
       |
CH₃ — C — CH₂ — CH₃
       |
      CH₃
The IUPAC nomenclature of the structure is
       |
CH₃ — C — CH₂ — CH₃
       |
      CH₃
The IUPAC nomenclature of the structure is
The compound contains a four-carbon chain (butane) with a chlorine (Cl) and a methyl (CH₃) substituent both attached to the second carbon atom.
Following IUPAC rules, the carbon chain is numbered from the end nearest the substituents to give the lowest possible numbers.
Hence, the compound is named 2-chloro-2-methylbutane.
Following IUPAC rules, the carbon chain is numbered from the end nearest the substituents to give the lowest possible numbers.
Hence, the compound is named 2-chloro-2-methylbutane.
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Question 3
SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃
In the reaction above, the most suitable catalyst is?
In the reaction above, the most suitable catalyst is?
In the contact process for the production of sulphur trioxide (SO₃), vanadium(V) oxide (V₂O₅) is used as a catalyst.
It facilitates the oxidation of sulphur dioxide (SO₂) to sulphur trioxide (SO₃) without being consumed in the reaction.
The reaction is exothermic and occurs optimally at moderate temperatures (about 450°C) in the presence of this catalyst.
It facilitates the oxidation of sulphur dioxide (SO₂) to sulphur trioxide (SO₃) without being consumed in the reaction.
The reaction is exothermic and occurs optimally at moderate temperatures (about 450°C) in the presence of this catalyst.
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Question 4
In the preparation of salts, the method employed will depend on the?
The method used in preparing a salt depends largely on the stability of the salt or the reactants to heat.
For instance, salts that decompose upon heating (like carbonates of unstable metals) are not prepared by direct heating methods.
Thermally stable salts, however, can be prepared using processes that involve heating, such as direct combination or double decomposition.
For instance, salts that decompose upon heating (like carbonates of unstable metals) are not prepared by direct heating methods.
Thermally stable salts, however, can be prepared using processes that involve heating, such as direct combination or double decomposition.
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Question 5
The following non-metals form acidic oxides with oxygen except?
Most non-metals form acidic oxides, such as SOâ‚‚ (sulphur dioxide) and Pâ‚‚Oâ‚… (phosphorus pentoxide).
However, carbon forms both acidic and neutral oxides — CO₂ is acidic, while CO is neutral.
Because of this dual nature, carbon does not strictly form only acidic oxides, making it the correct exception.
However, carbon forms both acidic and neutral oxides — CO₂ is acidic, while CO is neutral.
Because of this dual nature, carbon does not strictly form only acidic oxides, making it the correct exception.
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Question 6
How many neutrons are present in an atom with mass number 37 and atomic number 17 respectively?
The number of neutrons in an atom is given by:
Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number
Substituting the given values:\[ 37 - 17 = 20 \]Hence, the atom contains 20 neutrons.
Number of neutrons = Mass number - Atomic number
Substituting the given values:\[ 37 - 17 = 20 \]Hence, the atom contains 20 neutrons.
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Question 7
The sulphide that is commonly used in coating electric fluorescent tubes is?
Zinc sulphide (ZnS) is used in coating fluorescent tubes because of its phosphorescent properties.
When exposed to ultraviolet light, ZnS emits visible light, making it ideal for use in luminous paints and fluorescent screens.
Other metal sulphides like FeS or PbS do not exhibit this property.
When exposed to ultraviolet light, ZnS emits visible light, making it ideal for use in luminous paints and fluorescent screens.
Other metal sulphides like FeS or PbS do not exhibit this property.
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Question 8
An organic compound which liberates carbon(IV) oxide from trioxocarbonate(IV) solution is likely to be?
Organic acids such as ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) react with carbonates or hydrogen carbonates to release carbon dioxide gas.
Thus, the compound that liberates CO₂ from trioxocarbonate(IV) solution is acetic acid (CH₃COOH).
Thus, the compound that liberates CO₂ from trioxocarbonate(IV) solution is acetic acid (CH₃COOH).
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Question 9
Addition of sodium chloride to water to form a solution would lead to?
When sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water, it forms an electrolyte solution that exhibits colligative properties.
The freezing point of the solution decreases (freezing point depression), while the boiling point increases (boiling point elevation).
This is due to the disruption of solvent intermolecular forces by the dissolved ions.
The freezing point of the solution decreases (freezing point depression), while the boiling point increases (boiling point elevation).
This is due to the disruption of solvent intermolecular forces by the dissolved ions.
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Question 10
A chemical widely used as a fertiliser is?
Nitrochalk is a mixture of calcium nitrate and calcium carbonate and is widely used as a fertiliser.
It provides essential nitrogen and calcium nutrients to plants, promoting healthy growth.
Other listed substances such as galena (PbS), bauxite (Al₂O₃·2H₂O), and emerald (a gemstone) are not fertilisers.
It provides essential nitrogen and calcium nutrients to plants, promoting healthy growth.
Other listed substances such as galena (PbS), bauxite (Al₂O₃·2H₂O), and emerald (a gemstone) are not fertilisers.