Islamic Religious Knowledge 2025 Jamb Examination

Surah Al-Ikhlas (Purity/Sincerity) is the 112th chapter of the Qur'an and is dedicated entirely to the concept of Tawhid (the absolute oneness of Allah). It defines Allah as the One, the Eternal Refuge, who neither begets nor is born, and to whom there is no equivalent. Reciting it is famously described in Hadith as being equivalent to one-third of the Qur'an due to its central theological importance.

Backbiting (Ghibah) is strictly forbidden and considered a major sin in Islam. The Qur'an vividly condemns it by comparing the act to eating the flesh of one's dead brother (49:12). It is defined as saying something about a person in their absence that they would dislike, even if it is true.

Prophet Isa (AS/Jesus) was granted several miracles that specifically addressed the medical and spiritual conditions of his time. By Allah's permission, he was able to heal the blind and lepers, and even bring the dead back to life. These miracles served as proof of his prophethood and the truth of the message he brought to the Children of Israel.

Maghrib is the fourth of the five daily compulsory prayers. Its time begins immediately after the sun has set and ends when the red glow (twilight) disappears from the western horizon, at which point the time for Isha begins.

According to a Hadith Qudsi, Allah says: 'Every act of the son of Adam is for him, except fasting. It is done for Me, and I (alone) will give a reward for it.' Unlike other acts of worship that may be visible to others, fasting is a private act of sincerity between the believer and Allah, who promises a special, unspecified reward.

Purity (Taharah) is a prerequisite for the validity of Salat. The Prophet (SAW) explicitly stated, 'The prayer of one who is in a state of impurity is not accepted until he performs ablution.' Therefore, if a person intentionally or unintentionally prays without Wudu (or Ghusl when required), the prayer is legally invalid and must be repeated once purity is attained.

Sumayyah bint Khayyat (RA), the mother of Ammar ibn Yasir, was the first person to attain martyrdom (Shahadah) in Islam. She was killed by Abu Jahl during the early days in Makkah because she refused to renounce her faith in Allah, despite severe torture.

The term 'Salat al-Wusta' (the Middle Prayer) is mentioned in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:238), where Allah commands believers to 'Guard strictly your prayers, and the middle prayer.' The most widely accepted opinion among scholars, based on various Hadiths, is that this refers to the Asr (afternoon) prayer.

Prophet Dawud (AS) was both a Prophet and a powerful King of Israel. He was famously gifted with 'Hikmah' (wisdom) and decisive speech. The Qur'an describes him as a just ruler and mentions how even the birds and mountains would join him in the praise of Allah. His son, Sulaiman (AS), later inherited this wisdom and kingdom.