Use Of English 2012 Jamb Examination

The word derogatory means showing a critical or disrespectful attitude, often intended to belittle someone or something. It refers to a remark or comment that lowers the reputation of another.
The word unsavoury is nearest in meaning because it describes something unpleasant, offensive, or morally disapproving, fitting the context of a disrespectful remark.

The term sovereignty refers to supreme power or authority, especially the right of a state or individual to govern itself without external interference.
Autonomy is closest in meaning because it denotes independence or self-governing power, which aligns with the idea of sovereignty.

The word virtuous means having or showing high moral standards, purity, and righteousness. It often refers to someone who behaves in an honourable and moral way.
Upright is nearest in meaning as it conveys honesty, integrity, and moral excellence.

The word typical means representative of a particular quality or pattern; it describes something that is characteristic of a person or situation.
Characteristic is nearest in meaning because it indicates a feature or behaviour that is commonly associated with someone or something.

The word inveterate means firmly established in a habit or activity, especially one that is undesirable or long-standing.
The phrase a long time incorrigible conveys this meaning, as it describes someone who has been persistently engaged in a particular behaviour and is unlikely to change.

The word petrified means extremely frightened or terrified, as if frozen with fear. It conveys a strong sense of fear preventing action or movement.
Frightened is therefore the nearest in meaning as it directly represents being scared or afraid.

The word shimmers means to shine with a soft, wavering light, often seen as a glistening or quivering reflection caused by heat or light waves.
Shines is nearest in meaning, as it captures the idea of emitting or reflecting light brightly.

The word vulnerable means exposed to the possibility of being harmed or affected, either physically or emotionally.
Liable is nearest in meaning, as it denotes susceptibility or likelihood of being affected by something.

The word furtive means secretive, stealthy, or attempting to avoid attention, often because of guilt or the desire to hide something.
Sly is nearest in meaning, as it describes someone who is cunning or behaving in a secretive manner.

The word extempore means spoken or performed without prior preparation, often spontaneously or impromptu.
Off the cuff is nearest in meaning, as it also refers to speaking without preparation or rehearsal.