Computer Studies 2025 Jamb Examination

SQL injection is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to interfere with the queries that an application makes to its database. By inserting malicious SQL code into input fields, an attacker can view, modify, or delete sensitive data that they are not normally authorized to retrieve.

Programming requires high attention to detail. Being stable, steady, and patient helps a developer maintain focus, which significantly reduces the likelihood of making syntax or logical errors. Rushing often leads to bugs that take even longer to fix during the debugging phase.

The design phase is the blueprinting stage of program development. Its primary purpose is to create a flow chart and algorithm (the logic of the program) before any actual coding begins. This ensures the logic is sound and easy to follow during the coding phase.

Laser jet printers use a dry powdered substance called toner instead of liquid ink. The toner is fused onto the paper using heat and pressure from a fuser unit to create a permanent image or text.

In the provided logic circuit, there are two AND gates feeding into one OR gate. The first AND gate takes inputs A and B, producing the output \( AB \). The second AND gate takes inputs B and C, producing the output \( BC \). These two outputs are then combined by the OR gate, resulting in the final Boolean expression AB + BC.

The Fourth Generation of computers (1971–present) is defined by the use of Large Scale Integration (LSI) and Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technology, which allowed thousands of transistors to be placed on a single chip—the microprocessor. This led to the creation of Personal Computers (PCs).

A flowchart is a diagrammatic or visual representation of a step-by-step solution to a problem. It uses standard symbols like ovals (start/end), rectangles (process), and diamonds (decision) to show the sequence of operations in an algorithm.

A Switch is a 'smart' networking device that connects multiple devices on a Local Area Network (LAN). Unlike a hub, which broadcasts data to all ports, a switch manages traffic by sending data only to the specific device it was intended for, improving network efficiency.

Dropbox is a popular cloud storage service that allows users to save files online and sync them across multiple devices. Yandex is primarily a search engine, DuckDuckGo is a private search engine, and Adobe XD is a UI/UX design tool.

DPI (Dots Per Inch) is a measure of spatial printing or video dot density. It refers to the number of individual dots that can be placed in a line within the span of one inch. Higher DPI results in higher resolution and clearer images.