Islamic Religious Knowledge 2015 Jamb Examination

Accountability (Mhasabah) and responsibility are core ethical and spiritual obligations in Islam, forming one of the fundamental pillars and principles guiding a Muslim's interaction with Allah and society.

Hadith 2 of an-Nawawi (the Hadith of Jibril) defines Al-Ihsan (excellence/righteousness) as: \( \text{"To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot see Him, know that He sees you."} \)

Salāt al-Maghrib has 3 Rak'ahs with sittings for Tashahhud in the 2nd and 3rd units. If a latecomer joins in the 3rd Rak'ah, he sits for Tashahhud with the Imam (1st sitting). After the Imam concludes, the follower rises to complete his remaining 2 Rak'ahs. In his own first made-up unit (which is his 2nd unit overall), he must sit for Tashahhud. Then he rises for his final unit, after which he sits for the final Tashahhud. In total, he performs 3 sittings.

This verse from Sūrah an-Naml indicates that human intellect and material observation cannot fully grasp or comprehend the exact metaphysical realities of the Akhirah, meaning human knowledge of it can only be partial and dependent on revelation.

Angels (Mala'ikah) are created from light. They possess no free will, do not disobey Allah, and act exclusively as pure, loyal servants who execute His commands perfectly.

Sūrah at-Tahrīm (Q. 66:10) mentions the wives of Prophet Nūh and Prophet Lūt (Lot) as examples of individuals who betrayed their righteous husbands and were destroyed along with the rest of the wrongdoers.

Shirk is defined as assigning partners or giving divine attributes to anything other than Allah. Ancestor worship (venerating or praying to dead ancestors for protection or blessings) directly breaches Islamic monotheism (Tawhid).

Sūrah an-Nisā (Q. 4:48) states that Allah does not forgive Shirk (associating partners with Him) if a person dies upon it without turning back to Him, but He forgives anything lesser than that for whom He wills. However, if the offender sincerely repents during their earthly life before death, Allah forgives all sins.

According to Islamic law, a traveler (Musafir) is permitted to defer fasting for the entire duration of their journey. Since he qualifies as a traveler from the departure day (day 1), through his temporary stay under 4 days (days 2, 3, 4), up to his return day (day 5), he can break his fast from the first to the last days of the journey.

A menstruating woman is explicitly prohibited and exempted from specific ritual acts of worship like ritual prayers (Salah) and fasting (Sawm). However, she is not exempted from all forms of 'Ibadah, as she can still perform remembrance (Dhikr), supplications (Du'a), and charitable deeds.