Computer Science Test 5 Nddc Scholarship

A verification check (specifically 'double entry') is used to ensure data has been entered accurately. By requiring the user to type the password twice, the system can compare the two entries. If they don't match, it alerts the user that they made a typo in one of the attempts, preventing them from being locked out later.

Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) is a protocol that allows applications to share data. For example, a cell in a spreadsheet could be linked to a paragraph in a word processor; if the value in the spreadsheet changes, the word processor document is automatically updated via the DDE link.

A URL identifies a specific resource on the web. Its standard components include the protocol (like http://), the server name or domain (like www.example.com), the directory path, and the specific filename. The browser is the software used to *view* the URL, but it is not part of the address string itself.

Before USB became the universal standard, mice primarily used Serial ports (DB-9) or PS/2 ports. Parallel ports were typically reserved for printers, while DB-15 was commonly used for game controllers (Game Port) or older VGA monitors.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard code used to structure web pages and their content. It uses 'tags' to define elements like headings, paragraphs, and links, allowing web browsers to render text and images in a specific layout for the user.

A closed-loop system uses feedback to adjust its output. A fish tank heater senses the water temperature and turns off when the target is reached; a traffic light with sensors adjusts its timing based on actual vehicle presence. In contrast, a basic toaster (open-loop) usually runs for a set time regardless of how brown the bread actually is.

A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is the global address of documents and other resources on the internet. It specifies the protocol used to access the resource and the location of the server that hosts it, effectively acting as a digital 'postal address' for a web page.

A modem (MOdulator-DEModulator) converts digital data from a computer into analog sound signals for transmission over phone lines and then converts those sounds back into digital data at the receiving end. This was the primary gateway for early internet connectivity.

A domain name (like google.com) is a human-friendly string that maps to a specific numerical IP address on the internet. Domains are organized in a hierarchy, with extensions like .com, .org, or .edu indicating the type or location of the entity owning that space.

A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) bridges the gap between a LAN (single building) and a WAN (countries/continents). It is designed to link multiple LANs within a specific geographic area, such as a city or a large university campus, typically using high-speed fiber optic connections.