Agricultural Science 2023 Jamb Examination

When demand exceeds supply, the limited availability of the product leads to higher competition among buyers.
This increases the market price according to the laws of supply and demand, reflecting scarcity and consumer willingness to pay.

Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been artificially formed by combining genetic material from multiple sources.
This allows the expression of desirable traits from one organism in another, forming the basis of genetic engineering and biotechnology applications.

Transformation is the process of introducing foreign DNA into an organism's genome.
This technique enables organisms to acquire new traits, and it is widely used in microbial genetics, plant breeding, and biotechnology.

Animal husbandry involves the breeding, feeding, and management of farm animals to produce meat, milk, eggs, and other products.
It ensures optimal growth, reproduction, and productivity of livestock, supporting food security and economic development.

Effective livestock management requires attention to animal health and welfare.
This includes disease prevention, proper nutrition, housing, and humane treatment, which collectively enhance productivity and sustainability of livestock farming.

Agricultural research aims to improve crop and livestock production while ensuring environmental sustainability.
It encompasses developing innovative technologies, optimising practices, and generating knowledge to support efficient, resilient, and sustainable agricultural systems.

Storage facilities are designed to preserve harvested crops and protect them from pests, moisture, and spoilage.
Proper storage ensures food availability throughout the year and reduces post-harvest losses, supporting food security and economic stability.

A scale of preference helps farmers rank activities and allocate resources efficiently.
By identifying which options are most important or beneficial, it guides decision-making to maximise productivity, profitability, and sustainability in farming operations.

Farm animals produce multiple by-products including wool, milk, and manure (used as fertilizer).
These products contribute to additional income, support agricultural sustainability, and serve as raw materials for various industries.

Agricultural mechanization involves using machines to perform farm operations, reducing manual labour.
It improves efficiency, increases productivity, and allows farmers to manage larger areas of land with less physical effort.