Biology 2017 Jamb Examination

Coccus bacteria are spherically shaped and can occur singly, in pairs, chains, or clusters. Their spherical shape allows them to resist desiccation and facilitates certain modes of reproduction, making them distinct from rod-shaped or spiral bacteria.

Flame cells are specialized excretory cells found in flatworms like flukes. They help remove metabolic wastes and maintain osmotic balance by propelling fluid through tubules, functioning similarly to kidneys in higher organisms.

A food chain represents the sequence of organisms in a community where each organism serves as food for the next. It illustrates energy flow from producers through various consumers and decomposers within an ecosystem.

Taenia solium, also known as the pork tapeworm, uses pigs as intermediate hosts where larvae develop. Humans act as the definitive host when they ingest undercooked pork containing cysticerci, completing the parasite's life cycle.

The diagram illustrates heterodont dentition, with incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. Humans possess this type of dentition, which allows for processing a variety of foods efficiently, reflecting adaptation to an omnivorous diet.

Both Spirogyra and Volvox are unicellular or colonial organisms. Their level of organization is cellular, meaning each cell performs all necessary life processes, unlike multicellular organisms which have specialized tissues and organs.

Cohesion refers to the attraction between like molecules. Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other, resulting in surface tension and the ability to form beads, demonstrating the cohesive property essential for many biological and physical processes.

The nucleus is present in both plant and animal cells and serves as the control center. It contains genetic material (DNA) and regulates cell growth, metabolism, and reproduction, making it a universal organelle across eukaryotic cells.

Adaptation refers to structural, physiological, and behavioral changes that enable organisms to survive in specific environments. These modifications enhance survival, reproduction, and efficiency in exploiting available resources, reflecting the dynamic interaction with their habitat.

The diagram shows an anemometer, an instrument used to measure wind speed. It is vital in meteorology for weather prediction, climate monitoring, and understanding environmental conditions that affect both ecosystems and human activities.