Biology 2018 Jamb Examination
Biology 2018 Jamb Examination
Question 51
A beaker of pond water containing few specimens of Euglena was placed in a dark room for two weeks. At the end of this period, the specimens of Euglena were still alive because they were
Euglena can survive in darkness because they are capable of holozoic nutrition, meaning they can ingest and digest food particles from their environment. This allows them to obtain energy even without sunlight for photosynthesis.
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Question 52
The cytoplasm of a cell is considered a very important component because it
The cytoplasm suspends all cell organelles, allowing them to remain in position while also enabling movement of substances within the cell. It provides a medium for chemical reactions and supports the cell's internal structure.
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Question 53
Use the diagram shown to answer the question.
After an hour, the level of water in the thistle funnel will
After an hour, the level of water in the thistle funnel will
In the thistle funnel experiment, water moves into the plant tissue due to osmotic pressure. As a result, the water level in the funnel rises because water moves from the region of higher potential to the region of lower potential inside the plant cells.
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Question 54
Use the diagram shown to answer the question.
The experiment above is used to demonstrate the process of
The experiment above is used to demonstrate the process of
The experiment demonstrates osmosis, the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential. This fundamental process helps plants absorb water from the soil.
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Question 55
Use the diagram shown to answer the question.
In plant cells, the role of the membrane is played by the
In plant cells, the role of the membrane is played by the
In plant cells, the cell wall provides structural support and acts as a protective barrier. It functions similarly to a membrane in controlling the movement of substances, giving the cell shape and preventing excessive water uptake.
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Question 56
Red blood cells were found to have burst open after being placed in distilled water for an hour. This phenomenon is known as
Haemolysis occurs when red blood cells burst due to osmotic imbalance. In distilled water, which is hypotonic compared to the cell's cytoplasm, water enters the cells, causing them to swell and eventually rupture.
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Question 57
The curvature movement of plants in response to the stimulus of water is called
Hydrotropism is the growth response of plant roots toward or away from water. This adaptive mechanism allows plants to optimize water absorption from the soil, ensuring proper hydration and growth in varying environmental conditions.
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Question 58
The overall reaction in glycolysis can be summarised as
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway where one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP and 4 hydrogen ions. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and is fundamental for cellular respiration.
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Question 59
The longest bone in the body is the
The femur, or thigh bone, is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. It supports body weight during standing and movement, connects the hip to the knee, and is crucial for locomotion and posture.
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Question 60
Which of the following structures is not a skeletal material?
Muscle is not a skeletal material; it is a contractile tissue responsible for movement. Skeletal materials such as bone, cartilage, and chitin provide structural support and protection for the body, forming the skeleton.
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| 1993 | 10,000 |
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