Biology 2024 Jamb Examination
Biology 2024 Jamb Examination
Question 51
One of the components of xylem tissue is
Tracheids are elongated cells in xylem that help in the conduction of water and provide structural support. Companion cells and sieve tubes are components of phloem, while epidermal cells are part of the plant's outer protective layer.
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Question 52
Which of the following statements explains the theory of natural selection?
Natural selection involves the survival of organisms best adapted to their environment, resulting in the elimination of weaker offspring and gradual evolution of populations with advantageous traits.
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Question 53
The chemical and physical composition of soil is an example of
Edaphic factors are soil-related characteristics that affect plant growth, including texture, mineral content, pH, and moisture. Climatic factors refer to weather conditions, while topographic factors refer to landforms.
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Question 54
The abiotic factor that affect the population growth of an organism is
Abiotic factors are non-living environmental components that influence organisms. Rainfall, temperature, and sunlight affect population growth, whereas predators and disease are biotic factors.
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Question 55
The cells responsible for transmitting messages to the effectors are
Motor neurons carry impulses from the central nervous system to effectors (muscles or glands), triggering a response. Sensory neurons carry signals from receptors to the CNS, while relay neurons connect sensory and motor neurons. Hair cells detect mechanical stimuli.
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Question 56
The oxygen transported to all parts of the body during blood circulation is used for the
Oxygen is used by cells in cellular respiration to release energy from food molecules (mainly glucose). This energy is then used to power cellular processes, growth, and maintenance. It is not directly for waste removal or forming carboxyl haemoglobin.
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Question 57
After fertilization in plants, the zygote develops into
The zygote in plants divides and differentiates to form the embryo, which is the young sporophyte within the seed. The seed also contains the endosperm and protective seed coat, while the fruit develops from the ovary after fertilization.
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Question 58
Use the diagram above to answer the question that follows
The organ is responsible for
The kidneys primarily function in osmoregulation, maintaining the body’s balance of water and electrolytes. They also filter blood, remove waste, and produce urine.
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Question 59
Which of the following evidences of evolution employs the use of radio-isotope dating?
Fossil records often employ radio-isotope dating techniques to determine the absolute age of fossils, helping scientists understand the timeline of evolution. Comparative anatomy and embryology provide relative evidence, while vestigial organs show structural remnants.
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Question 60
Pentadactyl forelimb of vertebrate function due to differences in environment is
The pentadactyl forelimb shows homologous structures adapted differently in various vertebrates according to their environment. This is studied under comparative anatomy, which examines structural similarities and differences.
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I. The motion of the tyres of a moving car.
II. The motion of a loaded test tube oscillated vertically.
III. The beating of the heart.
IV. A stone tied to a string and whirled round.
V. The motion of the pistons in a gasoline engine.
Which of the motions above is simple harmonic?
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Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word underlined?
The tax rebate was a concession given to the civil servants.
The income of an individual increases from ₦150 to ₦250 and his consumption rate increases from ₦100 to ₦150. Calculate the Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC).