Use Of English 2018 Jamb Examination

The word 'imp' traditionally refers to a small, mischievous creature or a child who is troublesome and behaves in a naughty way. When a person is described as an imp, it suggests they are mischievous or poorly behaved. Therefore, the statement implies that Adawo's behaviour is negative or troublesome. Among the options, 'behaves badly' is the most suitable explanation for being called an imp, as 'queenly', 'differently', and 'decently' do not capture the connotation of mischievous or naughty conduct.

Sycophancy is the act of behaving in an obsequious way toward someone important in order to gain advantage; it is essentially excessive flattery or 'boot-licking'. When the man reasons there should be a 'limit' to this, he is suggesting that there is a point where such excessive praise becomes inappropriate or unnecessary. Thus, the most accurate explanation is that people should know when to stop using flattery, as it should not be an endless or boundless practice.

The term 'flux' refers to a state of continuous change, movement, or instability. If an organization is in a 'state of flux', it means that things are not settled and are undergoing frequent modifications or transitions. This matches the idea of 'periodic changes' occurring within the structure or operations of the entity. It does not necessarily mean the times are 'good' or 'difficult', nor does it mean the organization is 'moribund' (dying/at the point of death); it simply highlights the constant nature of change.

The verb 'aver' means to state or assert something to be the case in a strong and positive manner. In a legal context, it is a formal declaration of the truth of a statement. To find the opposite, we need a word that signifies the rejection or refusal to admit the truth of a statement. 'Denied' means to state that one does not admit the truth of something or to refuse to admit an allegation. While 'confirmed' and 'affirmed' are synonyms of averred, and 'argued' is a related action, 'denied' is the direct antonym.

The word 'unprecedented' describes something that has never happened, been done, or been known before. It implies that the event is unique, special, and often carries significant weight because of its novelty. While the direct antonym would be 'precedented' or 'common', in this context, we look for a word that contrasts with the gravity and uniqueness of the event. 'Insignificant' serves as a functional opposite because an unprecedented visit by a governor is a highly significant and major event; calling it insignificant suggests it is common or of no importance, which is the opposite of the original sentiment.

The word 'ignoble' describes an action or character that is not good or honest; it refers to something dishonourable or base. In the context of a teacher's role in a matter, an ignoble role is one that lacks moral dignity. To find the opposite, we look for a word that represents high moral standards or worthiness of respect. 'Honourable' means deserving of honour or high respect, making it the direct antonym. While 'dishonourable' is a synonym, 'honourable' provides the necessary contrast in meaning.

The adjective 'notorious' means to be famous or well known, but typically for some bad quality or deed. It carries a negative connotation of ill-fame. The word 'renowned' also means to be famous or well known, but it carries a positive connotation, usually for some talent, achievement, or good quality. 'Popular' means liked by many, 'known' and 'well known' are neutral. Therefore, 'renowned' serves as the best opposite in terms of the nature of the fame being described.

In this context, 'severity' refers to the intense, harsh, or extreme nature of the weather (the harmattan). If the harmattan is severe, it is biting, dry, and very uncomfortable. The opposite of extreme or harsh weather is weather that is gentle or not extreme. 'Mildness' refers to a quality of being temperate or not severe. 'Warmth' is a specific temperature, 'moderation' refers to avoiding extremes in behavior, and 'leniency' refers to mercy or lack of strictness in punishment. Thus, 'mildness' is the most appropriate environmental opposite.

The verb 'entitle' means to give someone a legal right or a just claim to receive or do something. If a card entitles you to something, it grants you the permission or eligibility to participate. The opposite of being granted a right or eligibility is to have that eligibility removed or denied. 'Disqualifies' means to pronounce someone ineligible for an office, privilege, or competition. 'Discourages' and 'disenchants' relate to emotional states, and 'satisfies' means to fulfill a need. Therefore, 'disqualifies' is the correct antonym.

The noun 'altruism' refers to the disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others; it is the practice of putting others' needs before one's own. To find the opposite, we look for a word that describes a concern only for one's own well-being or advantage. 'Selfishness' is the quality or state of lacking consideration for others and being chiefly concerned with one's own profit or pleasure. 'Benevolence' and 'selflessness' are synonyms of altruism, and 'sincerity' refers to honesty. Thus, 'selfishness' is the direct opposite.