General Studies And Current Affairs 2026 Njfp Job

According to the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended by the Not Too Young To Run Act of 2018), the age qualification for the office of the President was reduced from 40 years to 35 years. Therefore, being 'at least 40 years old' is no longer a strict requirement, as a 35-year-old is now eligible to contest. Other requirements remain constant: the candidate must be a citizen of Nigeria by birth, must have been educated up to at least School Certificate level or its equivalent, and must be a member of a political party and be sponsored by that political party.

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional political and economic union of fifteen countries located in West Africa. The ECOWAS Commission, which serves as its administrative headquarters, is located in Abuja, Nigeria. Nigeria played a pivotal role in the formation of the bloc in 1975 and continues to host its primary institutions, including the ECOWAS Parliament and the Community Court of Justice, reflecting its significant influence in West African sub-regional politics.

Justice Alice Ogedengbe (née Miller) holds the historic distinction of being the first woman to be appointed as a judge in Nigeria. Her appointment paved the way for female representation in the Nigerian judiciary, which had previously been male-dominated. While women like Margaret Ekpo were prominent in political activism and others in legal practice, Alice Ogedengbe's elevation to the bench marked a critical milestone in the professional evolution of the Nigerian legal system and gender equality within the third arm of government.

Fiscal policy is the use of government spending and taxation to influence the economy. Governments typically use fiscal policy to promote strong and sustainable growth and reduce poverty. By adjusting its level of spending and tax revenue, the government can affect the overall level of economic activity, including the demand for goods and services, employment, and inflation. This is distinct from monetary policy, which is managed by a central bank and involves the regulation of money supply and interest rates.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the apex monetary authority and the primary regulator of the banking sector in Nigeria. Established by the CBN Act, its mandates include ensuring monetary and price stability, issuing legal tender currency, maintaining external reserves, and promoting a sound financial system. The CBN supervises commercial banks and other financial institutions to ensure they comply with prudential guidelines, thereby protecting depositors' funds and maintaining the overall health of the Nigerian economy.

Nigeria gained independence from British colonial rule on 1st October 1960, but it initially remained a Commonwealth Realm with the British Monarch as the Head of State. It was not until 1st October 1963 that Nigeria adopted a new constitution and became a Federal Republic. This change meant that the Queen of England was no longer the Head of State; instead, Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, who had been Governor-General, became the first President of Nigeria, signifying the country's full sovereign status.

Under the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the President serves as the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. This vestment of power ensures civilian control over the military, which is a fundamental principle of democracy. In this capacity, the President has the authority to determine the operational use of the armed forces, appoint the Service Chiefs (Army, Navy, and Air Force), and give orders regarding the defense of the nation's territorial integrity, subject to legislative oversight.

The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) was established on 1st April 1977. It was formed through a merger of the Nigerian National Oil Corporation (NNOC) and the Federal Ministry of Mines and Steel. The corporation was created to manage the country's vast oil and gas resources and to participate in all aspects of the petroleum industry, from exploration and production to refining and marketing. In 2021, following the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), it transitioned into a limited liability company, NNPC Limited.

English is the primary official language of Nigeria, a legacy of British colonial rule. It serves as the language of government, law, education, and commerce, providing a common medium of communication among Nigeria's diverse ethnic groups, who speak over 500 different indigenous languages. While major languages like Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba have significant regional status and are widely spoken, English remains the unifying administrative language used in formal settings and international relations.

The Nigerian Senate, which is the upper chamber of the National Assembly, consists of 109 members. This number is determined by a constitutional formula: each of the 36 states in the Federation is divided into three senatorial districts, each electing one senator (\(36 \times 3 = 108\)). Additionally, the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja, elects one senator, bringing the total to 109. This structure ensures equal representation for all states in the upper house, regardless of their population size.