General Studies And Current Affairs 2026 Njfp Job

In animals, the primary storage form of glucose is glycogen. When there is an excess of glucose in the bloodstream, the body converts it into glycogen through a process called glycogenesis, primarily in the liver and muscle tissues. While plants store their excess carbohydrates as starch, animals rely on glycogen because its highly branched structure allows for rapid breakdown back into glucose when energy is needed. Fats are a form of long-term energy storage, but they are lipids, not carbohydrates.

Common salt, which we use daily for seasoning and food preservation, is an ionic compound known chemically as sodium chloride. Its chemical formula is \(NaCl\). It is formed by the reaction between sodium (a metal) and chlorine (a gas). In this compound, the sodium and chloride ions are held together in a rigid crystal lattice structure. Sodium carbonate, on the other hand, is commonly known as washing soda and has different chemical properties and uses.

Botanically and agriculturally, rice belongs to the category of cereals or grains. Grains are the small, hard, dry seeds harvested from grass-like plants known as monocots. Rice serves as a staple food for a large part of the world's population and is classified as a grain because it is the edible seed of the grass species Oryza sativa. While beans are legumes (often referred to as pulses or peas), rice is characterized by its starchy endosperm and bran layer, typical of cereal grains.

The United Nations Organisation (UNO) was established on 24th October 1945, following the end of World War II. It was created to replace the ineffective League of Nations with the primary goal of preventing future international conflicts and maintaining global peace and security. The founding charter was signed in San Francisco, USA, by representatives of 50 countries. Since its formation in 1945, it has grown to include almost every sovereign state in the world, facilitating international cooperation in law, security, and economic development.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) was established by the CBN Act of 1958 and commenced its full operations on 1st July 1959. Before its establishment, the West African Currency Board (WACB) was responsible for issuing currency in the region. The creation of the CBN was a significant step towards Nigeria's financial independence, allowing the country to manage its own monetary policy, issue the national currency, and regulate the domestic banking system just before gaining political independence in 1960.

The National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) is a scheme established by the Nigerian government to involve Nigerian graduates in nation-building and the development of the country. Its national directorate headquarters is located in the Yakubu Gowon House, Maitama, Abuja. Although the scheme has orientation camps and administrative offices in every state of the federation, the central coordination and policy-making for the entire scheme take place at the headquarters in the Federal Capital Territory.

The Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, officially began on 6th July 1967. The conflict was a result of complex political, economic, ethnic, and religious tensions, following the attempted secession of the southeastern provinces of Nigeria as the self-proclaimed Republic of Biafra. The war started with 'Gon' (the police action) when federal troops advanced towards the Biafran borders. The conflict lasted for approximately thirty months, eventually ending in January 1970 with the surrender of the Biafran forces.

The national flag of Nigeria was designed by Michael Taiwo Akinkunmi in 1959. At the time, he was a 23-year-old student studying engineering in London. He entered a national competition held to select a design for the flag of a soon-to-be independent Nigeria. His original design included a red sun in the middle of the white stripe, but the judges removed it, leaving the green-white-green vertical bands. The flag was officially hoisted for the first time on Independence Day, 1st October 1960, but the design process was completed and approved in 1959.

Nigeria is divided into six geo-political zones. This administrative division was created during the regime of General Sani Abacha to help in the effective distribution of resources and political appointments. The six zones are: North-Central (Middle Belt), North-East, North-West, South-East, South-South (Niger Delta), and South-West. This grouping is based on the geographic location and the cultural or historical similarities of the states within each zone, although it is not officially enshrined as a primary tier of government in the constitution.

Alhaji Shehu Shagari was sworn in as the first Executive President of Nigeria on 1st October 1979. This marked the beginning of the Second Republic and a shift from the Parliamentary system of government (used in the First Republic) to the Presidential system. Before this, the Head of Government was a Prime Minister, and the President (like Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe) held a largely ceremonial role. With the 1979 Constitution, the President became both the Head of State and the Head of Government with executive powers. Shagari served until the military coup in December 1983.