Chemistry 2024 Jamb Examination
Chemistry 2024 Jamb Examination
Question 21
CuO(s) + H\(_2\)(g) ⇌ Cu(s) + H\(_2\)O(g)
In the equation above, the effect of increased pressure on the equilibrium position is that
In the equation above, the effect of increased pressure on the equilibrium position is that
An increase in pressure affects equilibrium only when there is a change in the number of moles of gas between reactants and products.
Here, both sides have one mole of gas each (H\(_2\)(g) ⇌ H\(_2\)O(g)), so there is no difference in total gas moles.
Therefore, increasing pressure has no effect on the equilibrium position.
Here, both sides have one mole of gas each (H\(_2\)(g) ⇌ H\(_2\)O(g)), so there is no difference in total gas moles.
Therefore, increasing pressure has no effect on the equilibrium position.
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Question 22
What method is suitable for the separation of gases present in air?
Air is first cooled and compressed until it liquefies. The different components (oxygen, nitrogen, argon, etc.) have distinct boiling points.
Fractional distillation of liquid air separates these gases based on their boiling points.
This is the industrial method used to obtain pure gases from air.
Fractional distillation of liquid air separates these gases based on their boiling points.
This is the industrial method used to obtain pure gases from air.
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Question 23
The principle which states that no two electrons in the same orbitals of an atom have the same value for all four quantum numbers is the
The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.
This means each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.
It explains the arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals.
This means each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins.
It explains the arrangement of electrons in atomic orbitals.
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Question 24
How much of 5 g of a radioactive element whose half-life is 50 days remains after 200 days?
Number of half-lives = \( \dfrac{200}{50} = 4 \).
After each half-life, the remaining mass is halved:
\( 5 \times (\dfrac{1}{2})^4 = 5 \times \dfrac{1}{16} = 0.3125 \; g \).
Thus, approximately 0.31 g of the radioactive element remains after 200 days.
After each half-life, the remaining mass is halved:
\( 5 \times (\dfrac{1}{2})^4 = 5 \times \dfrac{1}{16} = 0.3125 \; g \).
Thus, approximately 0.31 g of the radioactive element remains after 200 days.
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Question 25
The group VIII elements are the inert gases because they
Group VIII elements (noble gases) have completely filled valence shells, making them very stable and unreactive.
They exist as monatomic gases and rarely form compounds because they do not need to gain, lose, or share electrons.
They exist as monatomic gases and rarely form compounds because they do not need to gain, lose, or share electrons.
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Question 26
Na\(_2\)X ⇌ 2Na\(^+\) + X\(^{2−}\)
The bond between Na and X is likely to be
The bond between Na and X is likely to be
The equation shows that Na loses electrons to form Na\(^+\) ions, while X gains electrons to form X\(^{2−}\).
This transfer of electrons produces electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, characteristic of ionic bonding.
This transfer of electrons produces electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, characteristic of ionic bonding.
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Question 27
The highest isotope of hydrogen is
Hydrogen has three isotopes — Protium (¹H), Deuterium (²H), and Tritium (³H).
Tritium, with one proton and two neutrons, is the heaviest (highest isotope) of hydrogen.
It is radioactive and used in nuclear fusion reactions.
Tritium, with one proton and two neutrons, is the heaviest (highest isotope) of hydrogen.
It is radioactive and used in nuclear fusion reactions.
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Question 28
When sulphur(IV) oxide is passed into a solution of acidified tetraoxomanganate(VII), the colour changes from
Acidified KMnO\(_4\) (tetraoxomanganate(VII)) solution is purple. When SO\(_2\) is bubbled through it, the MnO\(_4^-\) ions are reduced to Mn\(^{2+}\), which is nearly colourless.
This reaction demonstrates the oxidising power of permanganate ions.
This reaction demonstrates the oxidising power of permanganate ions.
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Question 29
Water gas obtained from the gasification of coke is made up of
Water gas is produced by passing steam over hot coke:
\( \text{C} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO} + \text{H}_2 \).
It consists mainly of carbon(II) oxide and hydrogen and is used as a fuel gas and in synthesis processes.
\( \text{C} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO} + \text{H}_2 \).
It consists mainly of carbon(II) oxide and hydrogen and is used as a fuel gas and in synthesis processes.
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Question 30
Sulphur(IV) oxide can be used as a
Sulphur(IV) oxide (SO\(_2\)) absorbs moisture and can remove traces of water vapour.
It is used as a drying agent in some industrial processes, especially for acidic gases.
It is not a dehydrating agent because it does not chemically remove water from compounds.
It is used as a drying agent in some industrial processes, especially for acidic gases.
It is not a dehydrating agent because it does not chemically remove water from compounds.
Not clear enough?
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